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Dandruff – Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
DANDRUF is a very common problem indeed, that of flakes falling from the scalp every time a person combshis/her hair or rubs the head. Dandruf is caused by a commonyeast cell pityresporen ovale which causes an inflammation of the scalp, making it shed flakes. Dandruff is a very common sclap problem. A morbid condition of the sclap is the emergene of dandruf which is caused by the excessive secretion of the sebaceous glands.
Symptoms of Dandruff
Some sign and symptoms related to Dandruff are as follows:
· Skin affected by seborrhoeic dermatitis is usually red and greasy with a white or yellowish flaky scale.
· Cradle cap (seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp).
· There is sometimes itching or soreness and the scalp can feel tight.
· Scalp ringworm (tinea capitis): This highly contagious fungal infection occurs primarily in children younger than age 10.
· Psoriasis. This skin disorder causes an accumulation of dead skin cells that form thick silvery scales.
Treatment of Dandruff
Here is list of the methods for treating Dandruff:
· Anti-dandruff shampoos containing the antimicrobials selenium sulphide (eg Selsun ) or zinc pyrithione are helpful for mild dandruff.
· Shampoos with coal tar (some brand names: DHS Tar, Neutrogena T/Gel, Polytar) may be used 3 times a week.
· Corticosteroid cream or lotion.
· Mix 8 tbsp. peanut oil with the juice of half a lemon. Rub the mixture into your hair, leave on for 10 minutes and then wash as usual.
· Antifungal shampoo containing ketoconazole (eg Nizoral dandruff shampoo ) provides a mild, yet effective treatment for dandruff.
What causes dandruf ?
Dandruf is caused by micro-organism called pityrosporum-ovle which are present in every body's scalp. Symptoms of dandruf get aggravated when exposed to dust, UV light, harsh chemical based shampoo, hair dyes etc., this results in increase in number of microbes which causes unhealthy residue over the scalp which leads to dandruff, which is the cause of unhealthy, lifeless hair and may result in excessive loss of hair too. Followings are also responsible for dandruf:-
1. Heredity
2. Lack of proper Diet
3. Environment
4. Dry or Greasy Scalp is etc.
5. Stress, anxiety and tension.
Home remedies for Dandruf Cure and Treatment:
1. Oil your hair with pure warm coconut oil and apply juice of half a lemon onto the scalp.
2. Massage the scalp with almond oil and steam bathe your hair. Steam bath is taken by dipping the towel in boiling water and wrapping it around the hair, like a turban. Do not let the corners of your towel be wet, so that you can hold them. When your towel gets cold, repeat it thrice or four times. Steaming opens the scalp pores and increases the capacity of the hair to absorb oil at its roots.
3. You can also take a spoonful lemon juice, mix it with two spoonfuls vinegar and massage on the scalp. Wash your hair with an egg shampoo.
4. Take on part almond oil, and pure sulphur in same quantity, mix and add 'surgical spirit' in the quantity equal to the above two. Put four parts distilled water or rose water and rub on the scalp. An Effective home remedy for dandruf.
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How to Treat a Sunburn - Sunburn Treatment
A sunburn is a radiation burn to the skin produced by overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, commonly from the sun''s rays. A similar burn can be produced by overexposure to other sources of UV, such as tanning lamps and welding arcs. Exposure of the skin to lesser amounts of UV will often produce a suntan. Sunburn. Image courtesy of John L. Bezzant, M.D. and the Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library. Enlarge Sunburn. Image courtesy of John L. Bezzant, M.D. and the Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library.
Most sunburns can be treated at home. If you notice yourself, friend, or family member beginning to burn, immediately get out of the sun. If this is not possible, move to a shady spot and apply sunscreen. Also, cover exposed areas to keep from further irritation.
Relief can also come from anti-inflammatories and pain relievers like aspirin and ibuprofen. Placing cool compresses on skin can relieve pain. Taking a cool, but not cold, bath can also help sunburned skin. Avoid bath salts, perfumes, or oils because they can further irritate your skin. Using an aloe vera gel or lotion, or other drugstore treatment can help relieve skin. Do not apply butter or oil to sunburns.
Until the sunburn has healed, stay out of the sun and drink plenty of water to stay hydrated. Dehydration is frequently a by-product of a sunburn. Avoid drinking alcohol because it can dehydrate skin further.
Use a sunburn Over-The-Counter remedy containing aloe vera. Use a light moisturizer or a dusting of powder to relieve chafing. Avoid perfumes or scented items. * Use Over-the-counter analgesics to relieve the pain and headache and reduce the fever.
Use an OTC topical steroid cream such as Cortaid if the pain persists. Don't use local anesthetic creams or sprays that numb pain such as Benzocaine. They can cause allergic reactions in some people.
Rest in a comfortable position, in a cool, quiet room. Stay out of the sun.
Chemical sunscreens
Chemical sunscreens absorb the harmful ultraviolet light to protect the skin against sunburn. Because different chemicals have varying effects on UVA and UVB protection, a combination of chemicals is usually used in sunscreens. Chemical sunscreens should be applied at least 15 minutes before sun exposure, to make the chemicals — cinnamates, octocrylene and the less commonly used para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and derivatives — more active on the skin.
Physical sunscreens
Physical sunscreens deflect UV radiation from the skin rather than absorb it. Zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are particularly effective, especially for the nose and ears. The spectrum of titanium dioxide protection extends into the UVA range and so it is often included in combinations with chemical sunscreens.
Drink plenty of fluids to replace the water lost through sweating in the sun, and to cool down. Do not drink alcohol because it will dehydrate you further.
For mild sunburn, apply a moisturising lotion or a special aftersun cream from a pharmacy. Aftersun helps to cool the skin as well as moisturising and relieving the feeling of tightness. Calamine lotion can also be used to relieve itching and soreness.
For adults, painkillers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen can help relieve pain and reduce swelling.
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